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Date of Issue : Jan 2002 1. IDENTIFICATION
General Product Name : MONOETHANOLAMINE Other Names : ETHANOLAMINE; 2HYDROXYETHYLAMINE; OLAMINE 2-AMINOETHANOL ; ETHYLOLAMINE ; COLAMINE UN No. : 2491 Dangerous Goods Class : 8 Subsidiary Risk : None Allocated Hazchem Code : 2X Pack Group : III EPG : 36 Poisons Schedule : N/A Uses : Intermediate for the chemical industry, eg. for producing pharmaceuticals (human and veterinary medicine), cosmetics, crop protection agents, dye intermediates, pesticides, paper, leather and textile auxiliaries, raw materials for detergents particularly liquid formulations, emulsifying agents, corrosion inhibitors and rubber auxiliaries. Absorbent for acid gases in gas scrubbing.
1.1 Physical Description / Properties
Appearance : Colourless to yellowish viscous liquid with faint amine odour. Formula : C2H7NO Boiling Point : 170.4 deg C Melting Point : 10.3 deg C Vapour Pressure : 0.27 mm Hg (1 atmosphere) Specific Gravity : 1.017 (water = 1) Flash Point : Closed Cup 96.1 pH : 12.1 (100 g/L) Solubility in water : Sol. g/l (25 deg C) Flammability Limits (as percentage volume in air) Lower Explosion Limit : 2.5 Upper Explosion Limit : 13.1 1.2 Other Properties
Decomposition temperature = >270 deg C Viscosity @ 25 deg C = 20 mPa.s Evaporation rate (butyl acetate=1) = 0.02 Vapour density (air=1) = 2.1 1.3 Ingredients
2. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
2.1 Health Effects - Acute Swallowed
Aspiration into the lungs may occur during ingestion or vomiting, resulting in lung injury. Causes severe irritation or chemical burns of the mouth, throat, oesophagus, and stomach, with pain or discomfort in the mouth, throat, chest and abdomen, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, thirst, circulatory collapse and coma. Eye
Liquid causes severe irritation, experienced as discomfort or pain, excess blinking and tear production, marked excess redness and swelling of the conjunctiva and chemical burns of the cornea. Skin
Causes local discomfort or pain, severe redness & swelling, tissue destruction, fissures, ulceration, and possibly bleeding into the injured area. Prolonged or widespread contact may result in the absorption of potentially harmful amounts of material. Inhaled
May cause irritation of the respiratory tract, experienced as nasal discomfort and discharge, with chest pain and coughing. Prolonged overexposure may cause injury to the respiratory tract. 2.2 Health Effects - Chronic
Repeated overexposure may cause damage to kidneys and liver. Skin contact may aggravate an existing dermatitis. Inhalation of material may aggravate asthma and inflammatory or fibrotic pulmonary disease. Inhalation studies of monoethanolamine in laboratory animals produced effects which suggest possible injury to the nervous system. A laboratory study suggests that rats given high doses of MEA by gavage produced increased embryofoetal death, growth retardation and some malformations (hydronephrosis/ hydroureter). Due to the high doses used and other technical deficiencies, the validity of this study is somewhat questionable. There is evidence that no embryofoetotoxicity or teratogenicity was produced in rats or rabbits when MEA was administered by skin contact, a more relevant route of potential human exposure.
2.3 First Aid
Swallowed
If patient is fully conscious, give 2 glasses of milk or water at once. DO NOT induce vomiting. Obtain medical attention without delay.
Eye
Immediately flush eyes with water and continue washing for at least 15 minutes. DO NOT remove contact lenses, if worn. Obtain medical attention without delay, preferably from an ophthalmologist.
Skin
Immediately remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash skin with soap and water. Obtain medical attention. Wash clothing before reuse. Discard contaminated leather articles such as shoes and belt.
Inhaled
Remove to fresh air. Give artificial respiration if not breathing. If breathing is difficult, oxygen may be given by qualified personnel. Obtain medical attention.
First Aid Facilities
Ensure an eye bath and safety shower are available and ready for use.
2.5 Advice to Doctor
There is no specific antidote. Treatment of overexposure should be directed at the control of symptoms and the clinical condition of the patient. The hazards of this material are due mainly to its severely irritant properties on skin and mucosal surfaces. Due to the irritant nature of the material, the stomach should be evacuated carefully in cases of poisoning by swallowing.
2.6 Toxicity Data
Oral LD50 = 1.19 (0.79 - 1.80) ml/kg (Rat - male) = 1.07 (0.72 - 1.59) ml/kg (Rat - female) Dermal LD50 = 2.46 (1.76 - 3.39) ml/kg (Rabbit - male) = 2.83 (1.61 - 4.98) ml/kg (Rabbit - female) Inhalation LC50 = not available Oral - major signs : sluggishness, lacrimation, piloerection, kyphosis, unsteady gait, emaciation, pallor, red or brown discharge on perianal, periocular, and perigenital fur. Gross pathology : lungs, stomach, intestines, and kidneys discoloured. Liver to stomach adhesions. Stomach liquid- or gas-filled. Percutaneous - major signs : sluggishness, abdominal distention, prostration, emaciation. Gross pathology : lungs, trachea, intestines, thymus, and kidneys discoloured. Stomach and intestines liquid- or gas-filled.
3. PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
3.1 Exposure Standards
Worksafe recommends the following exposure standards : Ethanolamine : TWA = 3 ppm (7.5 mg/m3) STEL = 6 ppm (15 mg/m3)
3.2 Engineering Controls
Ensure workplace is well ventilated to maintain air concentrations below the standards. Gneral (mechanical) room ventilation is expected to be satisfactory where this product is stored and handled in closed equipment. Special, local ventilation is needed at points where vapours can be expected to escape to the workplace air.
3.3 Personal Protection
Respiratory - use self-contained breathing apparatus in high vapour concentrations. Hands - PVC-coated or rubber gloves. Eyes - monogoggles. Clothing - other protective clothing to minimise skin contact. Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling and before work breaks, eating, drinking, smoking and using toilet facilities.
3.4 Flammability
Combustible. Keep away from all sources of heat and ignition. Earth all containers to reduce the possibility of sparks from static electricity Flammable when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidising materials. SAFE HANDLING INFORMATION
4.1 Storage / Transport
Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated area. Keep containers closed. Avoid contact with incompatibles such as strong oxidising agents, strong bases and acids, aldehydes, ketones, acrylates, organic anhydrides, organic halides, formates and lactones. Avoid temperatures above 250 deg C as product may undergo self-sustaining thermal decomposition. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
4.2 Packaging / Labelling UN No. 2491 Class 8 Sub Risk None Allocated Hazchem Code 2X Pack Group III EPG No. 36 Shipping Name MONOETHANOLAMINE Hazard HARMFUL
Risk Phrases R20 Harmful by inhalation. R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
Safety Phrases S36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible).
4.3 Spills and Disposal
Spills
Clean up personnel should wear full protective clothing with goggles and gloves. Avoid runoff to sewers or waterways.
LARGE SPILLS - should be banked and then soaked up with absorbent material (eg. sand, earth). SMALL SPILLS - and spill area residues may be flushed away with copious amounts of water. Place waste in labelled containers and hold for waste disposal.
Disposal
Incinerate in a furnace where permitted under national and local regulations. Dispose of in accordance with appropriate national and local regulations. Empty containers should be recycled or disposed of through an approved waste management facility. Laboratory tests indicate that monoethanolamine is rapidly biodegraded at very low concentrations (10 ppm) in water. However, a large spill migh tbe detrimental to aquatic life. Incineration is the preferred method of disposal. If spilled material cannot be collect, it may be possible to neutralise with dilute hydrochloric acid, and then dispose of the resulting salt in accordance with applicable national and local regulations. Disposal methods identified are for the product as sold. For proper disposal of used materials, an assesment must be completed to determine the proper and permissible waste management options permissible under applicable rules, regulations and/or laws governing your location.
4.4 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD Fire / Explosion
Combustible liquid. Avoid temperatures above 250 deg C. May undergo self- sustaining thermal decomposition. Incompatible with strong oxidising agents, strong bases, strong acids, aldehydes, ketones, acrylates, organic anhydrides, organic halides, formates, lactones. Hazardous polymerisation will not occur. Burning can produce oxides of carbon and nitrogen. Carbon monoxide is highly toxic if inhaled, carbon dioxide in sufficient concentrations can act as an asphyxiant. Sudden release of hot organic chemical vapours or mists from process equipment operating at elevated temperature and pressure, or sudden ingress of air into vacuum equipment, may result in ignitions without the presence of obvious ignition sources. Published 'autoignition' or 'ignition' temperature values cannot be treated as safe operating temperatures in chemical processes without analysis of the actual process conditions. Stability : monoethanolamine and iron form a complex molecule, trisethanolamino iron. This material can spontaneously decompose at temperatures between 130 and 160 deg C, and has been suspected of causing a fire in a nearly empty storage
Extinguishing Media
Extinguish fires with water spray or apply alcohol-type or all purpose type foam by manufacturer's recommended techniques for large large fires. Use carbon dioxide or dry chemical media for small fires. Do not direct a solid stream of water or foam into burning molten material; this may cause spattering and spread the fire. Fire fighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus, eye protection and protective clothing. 5 OTHER INFORMATION
Other Information
The product is an alkaline substance. Before discharging into effluent treatment plants, neutralisation is generally required. This substance should not affect the degredation activity of the activated sludge in effluent treatment plants. Degradability = > 70% BOD [OECD 301 C] Chemical oxygen demand (COD) = 1.54 (mg/mg) THOD = 1.31 mg/mg Accumulation Log P Oct/H2O = -1.31 measured. Ecotoxicity - Bacterial inhibition, IC50 = 700 to >2000 mg/l Fathead minnow, 96hr = 125 mg/l, 48hr: Daphnia = 33 mg/l
5.1 Contact Points
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The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use.
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