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Date of Issue : SEP 1996 1. IDENTIFICATION
General Product Name : FORMIC ACID Other Names : HYDROGEN CARBOXYLIC ACID ; METHANOIC ACID ; FORMYLIC ACID UN No. : 1779 Dangerous Goods Class : 8 Subsidiary Risk : None Allocated Hazchem Code : 2R Pack Group : II EPG : 8A1 Poisons Schedule : 5 Uses : Dyeing and finishing of textile, leather treatment, chemicals (formates, oxalic acid, organic esters), manufacture of fumigants, insecticides, refrigerants, solvents for perfumes, lacquers; electroplating, brewing (antiseptic), silvering glass, cellulose formate, natural latex coagulant, ore flotation, vinyl resin plasticisers. Decalcifier, dehairing and plumping hides.
1.1 Physical Description / Properties
Appearance : Colourless fuming liquid with a penetrating odour. Formula : HCOOH Boiling Point : 107 deg C Melting Point : 8.3 deg C Vapour Pressure : 40 mm Hg (1 atmosphere) Specific Gravity : 1.19 (water = 1) Flash Point : Open Cup 69 pH : < 1 () Solubility in water : Sol. g/l (25 deg C) Flammability Limits (as percentage volume in air) Lower Explosion Limit : 18 Upper Explosion Limit : 51 1.2 Other Properties
Autoignition temperature = 600 deg C. Soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. Material evaporates 3 times faster than water. 1.3 Ingredients
2. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
2.1 Health Effects - Acute Swallowed
Slightly toxic. Extremely irritative. Moderately corrosive - causes burns and desquamation. Eye
Extremely corrosive - causes severe burns and desquamation. Extremely irritative. Skin
Slightly toxic. Extremely irritative. Dangerously corrosive - causes burns and desquamation. Can be absorbed through the skin. Inhaled
Exposure to fumes is slightly toxic, extremely irritative and moderately corrosive - causes burns and desquamation to the respiratory tract (including mucous membranes, throat and lungs). 2.2 Health Effects - Chronic
May cause dermatitis.
2.3 First Aid
Swallowed
Contact a Doctor or the immediately. Give patient 1 - 3 cups of water to drink. DO NOT induce vomiting. Transport to a hospital or doctor immediately.
Eye
Flood eyes with clean water for at least 15 minutes, retracting eyelids often. Transport to a hospital or doctor immediately.
Skin
Remove all contaminated clothing including footwear. Wash affected areas thoroughly with mild soap and water. Transport to a hospital or doctor immediately.
Inhaled
Remove from contaminated area immediately; avoid becoming casualty. If NOT breathing, apply artificial resuscitation. Experienced person may administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Transport to a hospital or doctor immediately.
First Aid Facilities
Ensure an eye bath and safety shower are available and ready for use.
2.5 Advice to Doctor
Fumes are also corrosive to the eyes. Treat symptomatically based on judgement of doctor and individual reactions of the patient.
2.6 Toxicity Data
Oral LD50 = 1100 mg/kg (Rat) Inhalation LC50 = 15000 mg/m3 / 15 mins (Rat)
3. PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
3.1 Exposure Standards
Worksafe recommends : TWA = 5 ppm (9.4 mg/m3) STEL = 10 ppm (19 mg/m3)
3.2 Engineering Controls
Ensure adequate ventilation to maintain exposure levels below standards
3.3 Personal Protection
In case of insufficient ventilation wear suitable respiratory equipment. Wear PVC or neoprene gloves, tightly fitting safety goggles and other protective clothing to minimise exposure to product. Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing.
3.4 Flammability
Keep away from heat sources. Keep away from ignition sources (NO SMOKING) Ventilate area to prevent build up of flammable vapours. SAFE HANDLING INFORMATION
4.1 Storage / Transport
Transport or store in a cool, dry shaded position away from ignition sources. Store material in a well ventilated area. Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sunlight. Store in original acid-resistant container.
4.2 Packaging / Labelling UN No. 1779 Class 8 Sun Risk None Allocated Hazchem Code 2R Pack Group II EPG No. 8A1 Shipping Name FORMIC ACID Hazard CORROSIVE
Risk Phrases R34 Causes burns. R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes.
Safety Phrases S2 Keep out of reach of children. S23:FORMIC Do not breathe fumes/vapour. S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and contact a doctor or . S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, contact a doctor or immediately (show the label where possible).
4.3 Spills and Disposal
Spills
Eliminate all flammables and ignition sources (NO SMOKING). Clean up personnel should wear full protective clothing. DO NOT contaminate surface or ground water systems.
Disposal
Neutralise with sodium carbonate. Dispose of in accordance with all Local, State and Federal regulations at an approved waste disposal facility.
4.4 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD Fire / Explosion
May burn if heated or ignited. May cause fire/explosion with oxidising materials. Vapour may form explosive mistures in air. Avoid high temperatures. Avoid contact with bases, copper and aluminium. At high temperatures hazardous decomposition products include carbon monoxide.
Extinguishing Media
Evacuate area - move upwind of fire. Summon Fire Brigade immediately, dial 000. Use alcohol-resistant foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide or water spray type extinguishers. Cool containers/tanks with water spray. Fire-fighters should wear full protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. 5 OTHER INFORMATION
Other Information
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) = 348 mg/g. Biochemical oxygen demand within 5 days (BOD5) = 86 mg/g Readily biodegradable, according to appropriate OECD test. LC50/96h/goldfish = 46 < LC50 < 100 mg/l LC50/48h/daphnia = 34.2 mg/l
5.1 Contact Points
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The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use.
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