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Date of Issue : Sep 1997 1. IDENTIFICATION
General Product Name : ETHYLENE GLYCOL Other Names : MONOETHYLENE GLYCOL ; GLYCOL 1,2 ETHANEDIOL UN No. : N/A Dangerous Goods Class : C.1 Subsidiary Risk : None Allocated Hazchem Code : N/A Pack Group : 0 EPG : N/A Poisons Schedule : N/A Uses : Coolant and antifreeze; asphalt-emulsion paints; heat-transfer agent; low- pressure laminates, brake fluids; glycol diacetate; polyester fibers and films, low-freezing dynamite; solvent, extractant for various purposes, solvent mixture for celulose esters and ethers, especially cellophane; cosmetics (up to 5%), lacquers, alkyd resins, printing inks, wood stains, adhesives; leather dyeing, textile processing, tobacco; ingredient in deicing fluid for airport runways; humectant; ball point pen inks; foam stabiliser.
1.1 Physical Description / Properties
Appearance : Colourless odourless liquid. Formula : CH2OHCH2OH Boiling Point : 197 deg C Melting Point : -13 deg C Vapour Pressure : 0.06 mm Hg (1 atmosphere) Specific Gravity : 1.113 (water = 1) Flash Point : Open Cup 115 pH : N/A () Solubility in water : Misc g/l (25 deg C) Flammability Limits (as percentage volume in air) Lower Explosion Limit : 1.80 Upper Explosion Limit : 12.8 1.2 Other Properties
Autoginition temperature = 775 deg C Miscible with water, alcohol and ether. 1.3 Ingredients
2. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
2.1 Health Effects - Acute Swallowed
May be fatal if swallowed. May cause irritation of the digestive tract. May cause systemic toxicity with acidosis. May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause central nervous system depression, characterised by excitement, followed by headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and nausea. Advanced stages may cause collapse, unconsciousness, coma and possible death due to respiratory failure. Toxicity follows 3-stage progression. (1) involves central nervous system effects including paralysis of eye muscles, convulsions and coma. Metabolic acidosis and cerebral swelling may also occur. (2) involves cardiopulmonary system with symptoms of hypertension rapid heart beat & possible cardiac failure (3) involves severe kidney abnormalities including possible renal failure. Eye
Causes eye irritation. Produces irritation, characterised by a burning sensation, redness, tearing, inflammation, and possible corneal injury. Vapours may cause eye irritation. May cause painful sensitisation to light. May cause conjunctivitis. Skin
May cause skin irritation. Inhaled
May cause respiratory tract irritation. Irritation may lead to chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary oedema. Heated or misted substance may cause headache irregular eye movements, and possible coma. 2.2 Health Effects - Chronic
Chronic inhalation and ingestion may cause effects similar to those of acute inhalation and ingestion.
2.3 First Aid
Swallowed
If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water to drink. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. Induce vomiting by giving one teaspoon of Ipecac syrup.
Eye
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately.
Skin
Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Seek medical attention if irritation develops or persists.
Inhaled
Seek medical attention immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
First Aid Facilities
Ensure an eye bath and safety shower are available and ready for use.
2.5 Advice to Doctor
Gastric lavage is indicated if significant quantities have been ingested in the previous 4 hours. Ethylene glycol is metabolised to oxalic acid. Oxalic acid will cause acidosis and will bind circulating calcium, leading to hypocalceamia with tetany and renal failure from oxalate precipitation. Treat symptomatically based on judgement of doctor and individual reactions of patient.
2.6 Toxicity Data
Oral LD50 = 4700 mg/kg (Rat) ; 5500 mg/kg (Mouse) Dermal LD50 = 9530 mg/kg (Rabbit) Inhalation LC50 = 10,876 mg/kg (Rat) Not listed as a carcinogen by ACGIH, IARC, NIOSH, NTP or OSHA. Experimental reproductive effects have been observed for this material. Human mutation data has been reported.
3. PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
3.1 Exposure Standards
Ethylene glycol is considered to be low in toxicity. Its vapour pressure is sufficiently low so that hazardous concentrations do not normally occur in the air at room temperature. The most common complaint is irritation of the upper respiratory tract. A human volunteer study indicated that a time-weighted average concentration of 60-70 mg/m3 would cause irritation of the throat. Irritation was markedly felt when concentrations were increased to 140 mg/m3. To minimise irritation of the respiratory passage, the Worksafe Exposure Standards Working Group recommends the following exposure standards : Ethylene glycol : TWA 60 mg/m3 STEL 120 mg/m3
3.2 Engineering Controls
Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentration below the exposure standards.
3.3 Personal Protection
Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles. Wear gloves to prevent skin exposure. Wear appropriate industrial clothing to minimise the possibility of skin exposure. Wear breathing apparatus if airborne concentration exceeds the applicable limits. Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling and before work breaks, eating, drinking, smoking and using toilet facilities.
3.4 Flammability
Combustible liquid. Keep away from ignition sources (NO SMOKING). Can form explosive mixtures at temperatures above the flashpoint. SAFE HANDLING INFORMATION
4.1 Storage / Transport
Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in s tightly closed container. Keep from contact with oxidising materials Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
4.2 Packaging / Labelling UN No. N/A Class C.1 Sub Risk None Allocated Hazchem Code N/A Pack Group 0 EPG No. N/A Shipping Name ETHYLENE GLYCOL Hazard HARMFUL
Risk Phrases R22 Harmful if swallowed.
Safety Phrases S2 Keep out of reach of children.
4.3 Spills and Disposal
Spills
Clean-up personnel should wear full protective clothing including breathing apparatus if exposure is expected. Prevent product from entering drains, sewers and water courses.
Absorb spill with inert material (eg. dry sand or earth), then place in a suitably labelled container and hold for waste disposal. Wash spill site residues with copious quantities of water.
Disposal
Dispose of in accordance with all Local, State and Federal regulations at an approved waste disposal facility.
4.4 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD Fire / Explosion
Material is stable under normal conditions of use. A moderate explosion hazard exists when exposed to open flames. Ignites on contact with chromium trioxide, potassium permanganate, and sodium peroxide. Mixtures with ammonium dichromate, silver chlorate, sodium chlorite, and uranyl nitrate ignite when heat to 100 deg C. Can react violently with chlorosulphonic acid, oleum, sulphuric acid, and phosphorous pentasulphide, dimethyl terephthalate + titanium butoxide, oxidants, silver-copper wire, sodium hydroxide. Causes ignition at room temperature with chromium trioxide, potassium permanganate and sodium peroxide. Hazardous decomposition product include carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Hazardous polymerisation has not been reported.
Extinguishing Media
Fire-fighters should wear full protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Use water, dry chemical, chemical foam or alcohol- resistant foam type extinguishers. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective against fires. 5 OTHER INFORMATION
Other Information
Ecotoxicity : Goldfish LD50 > 5000 mg/L/24hr : Guppies LC50 493,000 ppm/7D : Shrimp (salt water) LC50 > 100 ppm/48hr On soil, substance may leach to groundwater and biodegrade rapidly. In water, substance readily biodegrades. In air, substance reacts with hydroxyl radicals (T1/2 = 1 day) Substance is not expected to bioconcentrate in marine life.
5.1 Contact Points
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The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use.
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