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Date of Issue : Jun 1999 1. IDENTIFICATION
General Product Name : EPICHLOROHYDRIN Other Names : 3-CHLORO-1,2-EPOXYPROPANE UN No. : 2023 Dangerous Goods Class : 6.1 Subsidiary Risk : 3 Hazchem Code : 2W Pack Group : II EPG : 18P Poisons Schedule : 7 Uses : Major raw material for epoxy and phenoxy resins, manufacture of glycerol, curing propylene-based rubbers, solvent for cellulose esters and ethers, high-wet-strength resins for paper industry.
1.1 Physical Description / Properties
Appearance : Colourless liquid. Chloroform-like odour. Formula : C3H5ClO Boiling Point : 117.9 deg C Melting Point : -25.6 deg C Vapour Pressure : 1.6 mm Hg (1 atmosphere) Specific Gravity : 1.18 (water = 1) Flash Point : Open Cup 33 pH : N/A () Solubility in water : 6.6 g/l (25 deg C) Flammability Limits (as percentage volume in air) Lower Explosion Limit : 3.8 Upper Explosion Limit : 21 1.2 Other Properties
Viscosity @ 28 deg C: 1.03 cp. Vapour density (air = 1): 3.19. Refractive index: 1.43585 (nD25). Surface tension @ 20 deg C: 37.0 dyne/cm. Electical conductivity: 3.0 x 10e-8 S/cm. Dieletric constant (12.5 deg C, lambda = 60 cm): 20.8. Latent heat of vapourisation: 97.9 cal/g. 1.3 Ingredients
2. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
2.1 Health Effects - Acute Swallowed
Toxic. Can burn mouth, throat and stomach. Eye
Vapour is severely irritative to eyes. Skin
Toxic. Substance can be absorbed thorugh the skin in harmful amount. Causes skin burns, irritation, and may cause sensitisation. Inhaled
Toxic. Vapour is severely irritative to respiratory tracts. Can cause lung odema. 2.2 Health Effects - Chronic
Prolonged or repeated contact can cause skin disorders. Can cause temporary sterility and liver, kidney and adrenal gland damage. Has been found to cause a type of nose and stomach cancer in certain animal species under certain circumstances.
2.3 First Aid
Swallowed
If consulvions are not present, give a glass or two of water or milk to dilute the substance. Assure that the person's airway is unobstructed and contact a hospital or poison centre.
Eye
Remove any contact lenses at once. Flush eyes with copious quantities of water or normal saline for at least 20-30 minutes. Seek medical advice.
Skin
Flood all areas of the body that have contacted the substance with water. Don't help assure removal. Isolate contaminated clothing when removed to prevent contact by others.
Inhaled
Leave contaminated area immediately; breathe fresh air. Proper respiratory protection must be supplied to any rescuers. If coughing, difficult breathing or any other symptoms develop, seek medical attention at once, even if symptoms develop many hours after exposure.
First Aid Facilities
Ensure an eye bath and safety shower are available and ready for use.
2.5 Advice to Doctor
Treat symptomatically based on judgement of doctor and individual reactions of patient.
2.6 Toxicity Data
Acure inhalation effects: LC50 (rat) - 635 ppm (4h), LC50 (mouse) - 790 ppm (2h) Eye and skin effects: 80% solution caused corneal damage, 20% solution induced definitive conjunctival and pallebral irritation with oedema in the rabbit eyes. LD50 (mouse/rabbit) - 250/515-1300 mg/kg respectively. Six of 34 workers with hypersensitivety towards epoxy resins were found to be hypersensitive to 1% solution. Acute oral effects: LD50 (rat/mouse) - 90-260/195-236 mg/kg respectively. Subchronic effects: Several workers exposed to epichlorohydrin have been reported to show functional disorders of the liver or increases of leucocyte counts and haemoglobin levels. Chronic effects/carcinogenicity: epidemiological studies to date have not provided evidence to malignant neoplams in human beings, due to exposure to epichlorohydrin. Mutagenicity: Epichlorohydrin has been reported to damage DNA in Rec-Assay, in in vitro assays with yeast or human lympocytes. Tetragenicity: No embryotoxic, fetotoxic or teratogenic effects were observed in female rats administered 40-160 mg/kg orally and female mice 80-160 mg/kg from 6th to 15th day of pregnancy.
3. PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
3.1 Exposure Standards
ACGIH TLV: 0.1 ppm A2 ; 0.38 mg/m3 A2 - skin (proposed value). 2 ppm ; 7.6 mg/m3 - skin (adopted value). OSHA PEL: 5 ppm ; 19 mg/m3 - skin.
3.2 Engineering Controls
Use exhaust ventilation to keep airbourne concentration under the exposure limits.
3.3 Personal Protection
Use chemical safety goggles. Use only in a chemcial fume hood. Use faceshield (8inch minimum). Use polyethylene gloves to avoid contact and inhalation. Do not eat, drink or smoke while handling. Wash thoroughly after handling. Use anti static protective clothing and shoes.
3.4 Flammability
Flammable. Ignition point: 40.6 deg C (open). Flash point: 415.6 deg C. Lower flammable limits in air: 3.8%. Upper flammable limits in air: 21.0 %. Heat of combustion: 4527 cal/g. While this material is liquid under normal temperature and pressure, it is highly volatile. Its vapour poruduces an explosive gas mixture with air and becomes dangerous. SAFE HANDLING INFORMATION
4.1 Storage / Transport
Upon transportation by tank lorry or tank truck, check sufficiently, in advance, the valve and flange of the outlet of liquid and the safety valve in order to prevent leak during transportation. Confirm before transportation that the containers are tightly closed and that there is no leak, whether liquid or gas. Transportation of the containers is always conducted in a firmly fixed position. Fill, in advance, the spaces among the containers with shock-absorber to prevent damage due to collision of containers. Use the containers without damage, corros opening of the containers and store in a cool and dark place with ventilation device. Avoid storage with strong acid materials. Avoid storage near flammable materials or heat sources. Apply explosion-proof structures too electric instruments, etc. Do not use unshaded lamp. Prevent static electricity. Put up necessary signage, such as 'no fire' or 'off limit' in easy to find places. Install a facility for washing hands, body and face, and gargling near the work place. Keep away from nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ethylene diamine, isopropylamine, trichloroethylene, potassium tertbutoxide.
4.2 Packaging / Labelling UN No. 2023 Class 6.1 Sub Risk 3 Hazchem Code 2W Pack Group II EPG No. 18P Shipping Name EPICHLOROHYDRIN Hazard VERY TOXIC
Risk Phrases R45 May cause cancer. R46 May cause heritable genetic damage. R26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R34 Causes burns. R10 Flammable.
Safety Phrases S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, contact a doctor or immediately (show the label where possible). S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S23:EPICHL Do not breathe vapour.
4.3 Spills and Disposal
Spills
Clean up personnel should wear full protective clothing and use self contained' breathing apparatus.
For small spilss, absorb with dry sand, sawdust, cloth, etc. and recover in an empty container. For large spills, dike with sand, etc. and recover while preventing vapour generation by covering with a plastic sheet.
Disposal
Waste liquid, hig concentrate or sludge of epichlorohydrin are sprayed into incinerator by small quantity as they are or with flammable solvent(s) for incineration. Or collect them in specified containers and ask a watse treatment to dispose of them. Low concentrate of epichlorohydrin is treated with active sludge, etc. When dumping emptied containers, dispose of them after thoroughly removing the contents inside.
4.4 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD Fire / Explosion
If a fire occurs near an epichlorohydrin container, remove the container to a safe place. If such removal is impossible, spray water to the container and its surrounding to cool off. If epichlorohydrin catches fire, insulate the source of the fire from fuel and extinguish the fire with fire fighting media. Cool off the surrounding with water spray to prevent flame spread. Conduct fire fighting from the windward of the fire.
Extinguishing Media
Firefighters should wear full porective clothing including self contained breathing apparatus. Use carbon dioxide, alcohol resistant foam, or dry chemical extinguishing media. Report to the surrounding community for evacuation because chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride may form due to burning or high temperature. 5 OTHER INFORMATION
Other Information
Biologically undegradable (epichlorohydrin is hydrolitically degraded to 3-chloropropyleneglycol). Fish toxicity: LC50 (bluegill) 35ppm (96h).
5.1 Contact Points
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The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use.
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